(p¶p{¨©m¢ p²=N{Z·q{ßm{m}p{¦ Q}m{¨ University of California, Davis  o¾ zeðT¶Ðzt¨d}Ôm{¨. ¹±td+â ~gx{d+ N{a{Þo¾d{©, @=b{m¢N¥ @=b{¨j}Z¨o¾ D=\¶ "ð_{Úìø_{=o¾ ¹±td+â" m{T{d{n¨ T²l{¨ÚZ=o¾d{© ~tÓb{zvÐzt¨n¨. _²n¨Q{¨ u}=N¶îN{ zeb{ N¾q{= _{l{¨|m{¨T¶q}m{¨. ùm{¨ KN{Z¡ d{¨=\¢ p{¨©\{¨ p{m{N{¨ m}~td{ p}Úu}n¨ "Cp{¨|Z" f}_{ zt=çN{no¾ Dd}Ôl¨. Bze¦Õ\{¨ d}n¨Q{¨, Jb{¨n Q{¨m¢=çd{ p}Úzt= ÛzeT{¨m¢Ðzt¨d}Ô=.)

m²=\{¨ f}b}n¨d{Ô _²n¨Q{¨ zeb}Únð b¢ßzeb{ @d{ÔÞZ· d}n¨Q{¨ f}b}n¨ Dd{Ô p}Z¡ð T{_{¨s}Õb¢ @d¼T{¨Æ N}ñ, T{_{¨s}Õb{¨n=Z· V=_{¨p{¦nd¶ @Ñm{p¶¨ u}c}m{^=Q} d{n¨Q{¨m¢N¥ zt¨Öm¢Ðzt¨=b¢. BN{Á\{ "d{n¨Q{¨m¢N¥" @d{Ô Ûzel²©Q{=, "d{n¨Q{¨m¢_¾ T²~eÕ p{¨m¥ T²l¨Ú," "d}n¨Q{¨ p{¨©no| p²_{¨N{¨," "d}n¨Q{¨ çp}ÞZ¨ p¶~t m}," @d{Ô Ûzel²©Q}n¨ @VzvÞm{x{^= @d¶ @n=N}m}ðN¢ Db}zvm{^n¨. BN{Á\{ "d{n¨Q{¨m{ª" @=Z· "zeb¢ p{¨=b¥" @ð - o¶b} T}o| p{¨=b¢ - @ð @Ñm{=. BN{Á\{ ze¦ö ù¨b{ ze¦ÛZo| KN{ @VzvÞm{x{^}ðÔ øp{m¢=T{\}ðN¢ p{¨m¼N{ @VzvÞm{x{^= p}\{p{n~t p{çÆ=b¢ - Q{p{¨ð=T}m¾ o¶b¾!

ç=_{~eN{Áo|Zno¾ d}n¨Q{¨ ~eN{Ánð ze¦=ì @=Z|m{¨. N}ð ðW|ðN¢ ze¦=ì @d{Ôb¢ "ze¦=Vp{¨¨" N¢ Ûk{Ëzrm{ªze=. ze¦=V= @=Z· f½Q{¨. T²øf½Q{¨ N}b{¨. BN{Á\{ f½Q{¨ @=Z· m}ú.

d}n¨Q{¨ N}d{¨nð "@^}" @d¶ p}w{ä=. Bze¦Õ\{¨ @^}n¨ T²ÞnN{ f½p{\{p¶¨ N}N{¨=\} "zem{üm{^}n A=Ûc{¨\{¨" @d{Ô W|ïl{¨= N{ª\{ T²o|p{¨^¡o¾ o¶N{¨=\} f½l¨=b¢.

zt=zt¬Á_{=o¾ "TÀ" @=Z· d}n¨Q{¨. d}n¨Q{¨ p{¨¨_}Ún_¾ T¶~td{ í|N}nð TÀN{ÞZ¨ @=Z|m{¨. zenN{n¨, N¢Z¡N¥n¨ p²¨¨b{¹o²d{ p}Z¡N¢ d}n¨Q{¨ zeN{Áo| D=\¶ i=b{¨ð ["Ûµgp{¨¨"ð] N{ª\} TÀN{ËZ¨ @d¶ @=Z|m{¨. Q{¨Ûm{= d}n¨Q{¨ N}w{äñ HÐî @p{m¾c}ðÔ b}Z· øc}d{= TÀN{ý=T{\{= @p{¦_{¨=b¢. d}n¨Q{¨ Ñzt=k}n_¾ N{ËZ¡ @ðÔ¹p²ze¦o| _²m{ç Dd{Ô N{ËZ\}ðÔ TÀN{= @=Z|m{¨. Bb¶ TÀN{¨ Q} p{¨|m¢=b¢. p{¨m¥ "iª_{¨n¨" p}\{Z= BËzr= o¶ð p}w{§ä B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾ "iª_+"ð TÀN{¨ Q} _²öQ¢=T{p{T{¨Æ. @ze¦Õ\{¨ "Z¾o+ iª_+" A£tn TÀN{¨ @p{¦_{¨=b¢. d}n¨Q{¨m{N}n îd{¨k{=\}m}nð N{nzeQ} p{çÆd{ "ø¨N{Æm+"d¶ TÀTÀ @ð N{ª\{ @=Z|m{¨.

T{øî @d¶ p{¨|Z TÀî N¢ m{ªf}=_{m{=. TÀzrË~r 64, TÀ£tî 84.
TÀb{m¢o¾ "TÀ" @=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ @d¶ @Ñm{= zt¨Öm¢=T{b{¨.
d}n¨Q{¨ b{=_}n¨ Dd{Ô B=Ûb{¨\¢ Id{¨Q{¨ TÀb{=î. b¥d¶Ô T{_{¨Òm{=î @ð N{ª\{ @=Z|m{¨. "TÀ" N{=Z³ "T{_{¨m+" j}Q} p}\{¨N{o¾ D=b¢.
T{_{¨m{¨ÙO¨\{¨ T{_{¨m¶ßb{p{¨¨nN¥ N{Ðm{ @ð d{n¨Q{¨m{ª d{p¶¨Ù øzrl{¨p¶¨. c{m{Ù, @Ñm{, N}p{¨, p²©x}n¨ T{_{¨m¢ßc{ ze¦m{¨s}Ñm}n¨. u}o¾N{Ú, u}ù¨zeÚ, u}m{ªzeÚ, u}l{¨¨W|Ún¨ T{_{¨m¢ßc{ p{¨¨ÐN{¨n¨.

ztd}_{d{ c{m{Ù=o¾ "d}n¨Q{¨" T}o| T¾ÞZ N{ð~eÐzt¨=b¢. "T}_{¨m{ßÏm{Ú= p{¨l{¨|zt¬Ëzr=" @d}Ô\{¨. T{_{¨m}Ûq{p{¨p{¨¨n¨ @=Z· ÛizvÙT{m{Ú=, Q}ãm{ÐztÚ=, p}d{ÛzeÑzt=, ztd}Úzt=. C d}n¨Q{¨ p{Ïm}nñ, d}n¨Q{¨ AÛq{p{¨|nñ N{ö~e p{Ïm}Ûq{p{¨c{m{Ù= @d}Ôm{¨.

"T{_{¨m{ßÏm{" ~tÓb}=_{= ù¨b{ @c{¨d}_{d{¨n¨ C p{¨c{Ú b{=\²Ðî b{¨p²¨ÙÐî f½Ðztª D=Z· T{ªÐztª T{ªÐztª Em{¨N¾o¶N{ d¶d¼N{ p}ÚP|Úd{= m}µtd{¨. b}ð u}m}=q{= Bb¢. "T}_{¨m{ßÏm{Ú= p{¨l{¨|zt¬Ëzr=" @=Z· "d}n¨Q{¨ m{=Q{¨nñ d¶d¶ zt¬Ë~r=T¶d{¨" @ð N{b} @Ñm{=. BN{Á\{ d}n¨Q{¨ð @VzvÞm{x{^=Q} p}\¶\{d{¨N{¨=b}=. @=Z· Iø¨Z¡? d}n¨Q{=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ N}b{¨ "Hd¾Ô" @ð N}ð  "m{N{m{N}n" @ð N}ð @Ñm{=. Hd¾Ô m{=Q{¨n¨ zt¬Ë~r=T{Z= @=Z·? "m{=Q{¨" @d{Ô p{¨|ZN¢ ztßk}p{= @d¶ @Ñm{= _²n¨Q{¨o¾ p}\{¨N{o¾ D=b¢. "p}\¢ @ztn¨ m{=Q{¨ il{¨Zze\¢=b¢m}" @d{Ô Ûzel²©Q{= T{ª\{=\¢. N{d{¨N{ "T}_{¨m{ßÏm{Ú= p{¨l{¨|zt¬Ëzr=" @=Z· "m{N{m{N}n ztßk}p}n¨ Q{n p{¨d{¨zr¨Únð d¶d{¨ zt¬Ë~r=T¶d{¨" @ð @Ñm{= p{Ðzt¨d{Ôb¢ N{b}. @=Z· p{¨d{¨zr¨Ún ztßk}p}n¨ m{N{m{N}n¨Q} D=Z|l¨. Hp{m¢ ztßk}p}ðN¢ @d{¨N{ªn=Q} p}m{¨ Ûzep{Ðm¢=T}ö @ð T²i¨_{¨d}Ô\{¨ k{Q{p}d{¨\{¨!

d¶d{¨ C m{N{=Q} Q¥_}p}N}ÚðÔ p}ÚP|Úðеt "@VzvÞm{x{^= p}\¢d{ p}\{¨ T{_{¨m+ @d¶ p{¨|Zd¶ H=b{¨N{¨ Hd{¨ÔN{¨d}Ô\{©, "b{q{p{Ïm{= p{¨l{¨|zt¬Ëzr=" @d{p{T{¨Æ N{b}?" @ð Ax¶~e=T¶m{¨. b¥ðN¢ ¹±t=Z¡~gN+ N}m{^= D=b¢. p{¨d{ i¨Ób{¨n¨, ztßk}p}n¨ @ñÔ p{¨d{ \¢. Hd+. I. o¾ m}~t Dd}Ôl{¨ð C m¾íÞo¾ @=b{m¢N¥ _²özt¨d{Ô øzrl{¨p¶¨. C \¢. Hd+. I. o¾ d}n¨Q¶ d}n¨Q{¨ d{©ÚÞN¢l²©¹Z³\{¨n¨ Dd}Ôl¨. ùZ¡d¶ T{_{¨m{ßÏm}n¨Q} E~v=T{¨N{¨=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ p{Ïm}n_¾ m{N{m{N}n p{¨d{¨zr¨Ún¨ Ho| ze¦\{_}m¾ @p{Q}zvd{ @p{¦_{¨=b¢.

T{_{¨Ëzrl{¨= @=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ q}Ð÷n¨. @p{Ñu}T{_{¨Ëzrl{¨=o¾ j}nÚ=, NÀp{¨|m{=, l{¨p{ßd{=, p}Ñm{N{Ú= Dd}Ôl¨. b{¨m¾Úc{d{, b{¨q}àztd{, q{N{¨ð, N{Ïm{¨n¨ b{¨ËzrT{_{¨Ëzrl{¨= @ð Aj}nQ¾f}o|ðN¥ _²n¨zt¨. T{_{¨Ëzrl{¨= @d{Ô p{¨|Zð "N}ßÛ\{ze¦o+" @ð N}ñ "N}ßËm²Z+" @ð N}ñ A=ÞQ¥N{m¢=T{p{T{¨Æ.

k¾Vd}ðN¢ p}\¶ "h½m{¨Á"no¾ p{¨©\{¨ m{N}n¨ Dd}Ôl¨. N}p{öеt p}Z¡ð _²n¨Q{¨o¾ b¢ßq{ªn=, Ûîq{ªn=, T{_{¨q{ªàn= @d{p{T{¨Æ. d{n¨T{b{m}ðN¢ TÀzeb{= N{=Z³ T{_{¨m{¨ØV=, T{_{¨m{Ûzt= @d{Ô p{¨|Zo¶ HN{¨Áp{ p}\{¨N{o¾ N{ð~eÐu}l¨. T{_{¨m{¨ØV= @=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ k{¨W|n¨d{Ô I m¶P|Q{^¡_{ze¦ j¼p¶¨Ùd} N}p{T{¨Æ N}ð T{_{¨m{Ûzt= @=Z· p{¨|Û_{= A d}n¨Q{¨ k{¨W|n ð\¢ø ztp{¨|d{p{¨ðñÔ, A k{¨W|n p{¨c{Ú n=iN¾^p{¨ðñÔ ÛQ{~v=T{¨d{b¢.

"µtÁßm+" @=Z· T{b{m{= N{b}. C p{¨|Z o¶Z¡d+ o¾ð "HN+â N}ßÛ\²d+" d{¨=\¢ p{çÆ=b¢. B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾ "N}ßÛ\¢o¶Zm{o+", "N}ßÛ\¶=Q¢o+" @d{Ô m²=\{© p}\{¨N{o¾ Dd{Ô p{¨|Zo¶ @l¨d{zeÕZ¡N¥ _²n¨Q{¨o¾ T{_{¨m{¨ØW|ðÔ "N}ßÛ\¢o¶Zm{o+" @d¶ HN{¨Áp{Q} @=Z|m{¨; T{_{¨m¾Á^¡ @d¶ Ûzel²©Q{= @m{¨b¶. øq{ßøb}Únl{¨|no¾d{©, N{w}q}nno¾d{© d}n¨Q{¨ k{p{d}n p{¨c{Ú k{ªø¨ð _{m{¨T{¨Q} "N}ßÛ\¶=Q¢o+" @ð N}ñ B=N} p{¨¨Òb{¨Q} "N}ß\+" @ð N}ð ~en¨Ðztª D=\{\{= N{Òb{¨.

C "N}ß\+" óVQ{^¡_{=o¾N¢ p{çÆd{ze¦Õ\{¨ N¼=T²= îm{N}zt¨ p{Úp{üm}ðN¢ o¾d{l¨ "N}ßÛ\¶Z¡N+" Q} p{¨|m¢=b¢. "N}ß\+" @Ñm{= "d}n¨Q{¨" @l¨d{zeÕZ¡N¥, o²N{Áno¾ KN{ T{nd{m}~t zR|_{= m²=\{¨ @l¨d{ze¦Õ\{¨ "N}ßÛ\¶Z¡N+" @d{Ô øq¶zr^}ðÔ p}\{¨_}m{¨. "N}ß\+" ð Bo| m²=\{¨ @Ñm}no¾ p}\{\{= p{Þn N¼=_{ Q}ztZóztZN¢ Au}Ám{= D=b¢ Q}ð C zem¢Ñ~tîN¢ N}m{^= o¶N{ f½o¶b{¨. KN{ T{_{¨m{Ûzt= l²¨¨N{Á  ¹p²q}nÚ= N}p}n=Z· b}ð k{¨V= N¼n_{ð zR|î=T}ö. zR|î=T{\{= @=Z· k{¨V= N¼n_{ð m²=\{¨ u}Þm{¨ p¶~t ±vT{Æp²l{¨Ú\{=. Bb¥ m²=\{¨N¥ d}n¨Q{¨N¥ p{¨c{Ú Dd{Ô j}b{m}l{¨^ zt=i=c{=! N{d{¨N{ óVQ{^¡_{=o¾ KN{ T{nd{m}~t zR|_{= m²=\{¨ @l¨_¶ b}ðð p{Ïm¢=T{\}ðN¢ "N}ßÛ\¶Z¡N+" @d{Ô øq¶zr^}ñÔ, d}n¨Q{¨ @l¨_¶ "¹j²N}ßÛ\¶Z¡N+ " @d{Ô øq¶zr^}ñÔ p}\{¨_}m{¨.

p{¨©\{¨ N}w{ä £eZð p{¨¨N}Áö £eZ @d{ÔÞZ· ÛQ¥N{¨ k}zro¾ d}n¨Q{¨ N}w{ä p{¨=T}ðÔ "ÛZ³£eW+" @=Z|m{¨. ztm{Ázt¨o¾ p{¨d{¨zr¨n¨ Q²=_{\}ðN¢ p}\¶ d{¨nN{p{¨=T{= o|=Z¡ u}c{d}ðÔ "ÛZ³£eW+" @=Z|m{¨. d}n¨Q{¨ k{¨W|n¨d{Ô KN{ W|î T{_{¨m+k{¨W|ðN¢ "ÛZ³£eël{¨=" @d{Ô µem{¨ m}\}ðN¢ N}m{^= Bb¶. ÛQ¥N{¨ p}m¢N¢ "ÛZ³£eW+" HZ¨p{=Z¡b¾ ~v=b¥ p}m¢N¢ T}m+f½l+¨ @Z¨p{=Z¡b¢. ~v=b¥o¾ T}m+f½l+¨ @d}Ô, o¶Z¡d+o¾ "N}ßÛ\{¨±e\+" @d}Ô, ÛQ¥N{¨o¾ "Z³ÛZ|f}\+" @d}ÔKN{Z·. B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾ "N}ßÛ\{¨±e\+" @=Z· d}n¨Q{¨ f}b}n¨d{Ôb¢, V=_{¨p{¦! _²n¨Q{¨o¾ d}n¨Q{¨ f}b}n¨ Dd{Ôb¢ p{¨=T{= N}b{¨, zeb{Ú= @ð p²¨¨b{ÞZ¾d¶ T²µeÕd{¨.

d{n¨Q{¨m{¨_¾ f}Z¨ d}m}l{¨^} @d{¨N¾p{¨d}Ôm{¨ N{d{¨N{ d}n¨Q{¨ Q{¨m¢=ç d}N{¨ _²ö~td{ d}n¨Q{¨ øzrl{¨|nª d{n¨Q{¨m{¨N¥ T²µeÕµtd{¨.

p{¨d{ T¶_{¨nN¢ Jb{¨ p¶w{§ä D=\{iËZ¡ Jb{¨N¥ T¶îN¥ KN{øc{¹p²¨d{ zt=i=c{= D=b¢. "@l¨b{¨" Jb{¨N¢ m{ªf}=_{m{=. Jb{¨ T¶_{¨n p{¨Þö p²¨¨ÃQ{n¨ N¼=Z· J¹b²b{¨n¨ Bm{¹p² @l¨b{¨, ¹±ed{ KN{ T²l¨Ú N¼ztm{¨_¾ p²m{~t p{¨¨º±gÖ p²¨¨ÃQ{n¨ p{Ðu}l¨.

Jb{¨ zeb¢ T²l{¨Ú\{= @=Z· m²=\{¨ T¶_{¨nª W¾\¢=ç d{p{¨ztÁm¢=T{\{=. "KN{ Jb¢T{¨ÆN¾" [Q¢ù¨Ù H ¹±gp+] @d{Ôze¦Õ\{¨ "¹±v ¹±gp+" @d¶ zeÓb{î N{m{T}nd}ðN¢ Aüßd{= @d¶ @Ñm{= KN{Z¡ @p²¨m¢N}o¾ D=b¢.

@l¨b{p{_{d{=, p{¨¨Ð_{l¨b{¨p{ @d{Ô p{¨|Zn¨ _{~eÕ=ç _²n¨Q{¨o¾ "Jb{¨" p{¨|Zn¨ @=_{Q} N{ð~e=T{p{¦. p{¨¨Ð_{  +  @l¨b{¨p{  =  p{¨¨Ð_{l¨b{¨p{ ð iËZ¡ @l¨b¾_{d{= Dd{Ô p{¨¨b{¨ztö @d{Ô @Ñm{= zt¨Öm¢Ðztªd{ÔzeÕZ¡N¥ p{¨¨Ð_{l¨b{¨p{ @d{Ô p{¨|Zð k{Ðm{ iîN¢p{¦d{Ô I #£t H\{¹o²d} p}\{_}m{¨. N}ð C p{¨|Zð ±eÒb{p}m¢ l²¨\{n Dzel²©Q¢=çd{=_{Q} çd{Ô p}m¢ð DÒb¶ú=ç p}\{m{¨.

@l¨b{p{_{d{= @=Z· @l¨b{¨ p{d²Ôn¨ N{öQ¢ D=\{\{=. BN{Á\{ "p{d²Ôn¨" @=Z· zt¨p{¨=Q{ý l²¨¨N{Á @n=N}m}n¨ - p{¨=Q{w{ztªÛ_{=, zezt¨ze¦, N{¨=N{¨p{¨, Q}ín¨, T²p}ßN{¨. T²p}ßN{¨ @=Z· Iø¨Z¾ d}N{¨ _²öl{¨b{¨.

Id{¨ @d{Ô p{¨|Z Jb{¨N¢ m{ªf}=_{m{=. c}d}ÚðÔ N¼öT¶Zze¦Õ\{¨ p}\¶ N¼np{¨|d{=o¾ "Ib{¨p{¨¨" @d¶ p{¨|Z ù¨m{¨ ød{¨=Z· ù¨ p{l{¨zt¨â N{ñzt= I¹k² [Jb{¨ zeb{¨n¨] b}Z¡ D=Z¨=b{ð d¶d{¨ E~v=T{Q{nd{¨. Ib{¨p{¨¨ = Jb{¨ +  _{ªp{¨¨. Jb{¨ _{ªp{¨¨n¨ KN{ Ib{¨p{¨¨. Bb¶ øc{=Q} im{¨p{¦n¨ _{ªT¶Zze¦Õ\{¨ øq}OzeZÔ= ëÞo|o¾ p}\¶ Iin=  =  Jb{¨  +  zenp{¨¨. Jb{¨ zenp{¨¨n¨ KN{ Iin=. Bb¶ øc{=Q} zeb{n= @=Z· zeb¢ zenp{¨¨n¨.

@l¨b{¨ _{m}ß_{ HN{¨Áp{Q} _²n¨Q{¨o¾ N{ð~e=T¶b¢, øð~e=T¶b¢ "ze=T{" q{Òi=. "ze=T{"o¾ b{=_{Ú T{N}m{= Dd{Ô p{¨|ZnñÔ q{¨Ób{ _²n¨Q{¨ p{¨|Zn¨. N}ðø zt=zt¬Á_{= d{¨=\¢ b¢Q{¨p{¨î @l¨d{ø. _²n¨Q{¨o¾ b{=_{Ú T{N}m{=_¾ zeöN¶ ze=T{ [b¥ðð "ze=T{b}m{"o¾ ze=T{ o| DT{Æm¢=T}ö] @=Z· T{ªm{¨. N}ð zt=zt¬Á_{=o¾ ze=T{ @=Z· "@l¨b{¨" @d¶ @Ñm{= KN{Z¨=b¢. C m²=\{Ñm}n_¾Z¤ b¾iªT{¨o|\{¨_{ª Dd{Ô C p¶p{¨d{ zeb{Ú= T{ª\{=\¢.

ze=T{q{Û_{¨n b²Q¢ ze=T{j}^¨ð Q²öÆ
ze=T{p{Ïm{p{¨¨nd{¨ ze[{d{ T¶~t
ze=T{p{¨¨Op{¨¨Q{n k{p{zt=ÊV Q{np}ð
ze=T{ T¶m{¨p}\{¨ zem{Q{ p¶p{¨.

AN{¨zeT{Æ, Hm{¨ze¦, _²n¨ze¦, d{n¨ze¦, zezt¨ze¦nð ze=T{m{=Q{¨n¨ @=Z|m{¨ N}ð Ac{¨ðN{ q}#zt= ÛzeN}m{= _²n¨ze¦, d{n¨ze¦nð ø\¢ø\¢Q} m{=Q{¨no¾ o²N{Á±eËZ N{ª\{b{¨. @=_¶ N}b{¨. "_²n¨ze¦", "d{n¨ze¦"@d{Ô p{¨|Zn m²=\¢=Z¡ p{¨c{Ú p{Ú_}Úzt= p}Z¡ b{¨Úîo¾ Dd{Ô _¶\} p{¨|Û_{p¶¨. @ðÔ m{=Q{¨n¨ N{ö~td{ze¦Õ\¶ _²n¨ze¦ p{Ðzt¨=b{ð çd{Ôze¦Õ\{¨ ¹±td+âo¾ T{b{¨p{¦N{¨d}Ô=. d{n¨ze¦ N{ª\{ @=_¶ - @ðÔ m{=Q{¨n N{nl¨N¶. _²n¨ze¦ p{Ðzt¨p{¦n¨ _²ÞnQ} D=\{\}ðN¢ N}m{^= p}Z¡ ù¨b{ zeÍ\{ N}=î @=_} zem}p{Ðm{d{= T²=b¢ p{¨d{ N{=Z¡N¢ T¶m{¨N¾p{\{p¶¨. d{Þn p{Ðzt¨p{¦n ù¨b{ zeÍ\{ N}=î @ztân¨ zem}p{Ðm{d{= T²=b{b{¨.

ze=T{N{w}Ú^¡ Q{¨Ûm{= @=Z· @l¨b{¨ m{=Q{¨n Q{¨Ûm{= N}d¶ N}b{¨. I m{=Q{¨ Q{¨Ûm{¹p²¨d} ztm¶ q{m¥m{p{¨=_} KN¶ m{=Q{¨ D=\¢ KN{Á d{¨b{¨Z¡ ù¨b{, N}w{ä b{ÃQ{m{ _²ÞnQ} D=Z· @b¢ ze=T{N{w}Ú^¡. Q{¨Ûm{= m{=Q¶ _²n¨¹±ed{ze¦Õ\{¨ p{¨¨O= ù¨b{ p{¨T{Æ p{¨m¾ m{=Q{¨o¾ D=Z¨=b¢.

ze=T}ztÚ=, ze=T}d{d{= @=Z· ±eÒb{ p{¨¨O= Dd{Ô V=_{¨p{¦ - ~t=zv=. BN{Á\{ "ze=T{" @=Z· ±eÒb{ @ð m²=\{p{ @Ñm{=o¾ p}\{i\¢=b¢.

ze=T{d{O= @=Z· @l¨b{¨ Q¾w{§ä Dd{Ô V=_{¨p{¦ - ±eÒb{ze¦ö. C zt=b{m{Ø=o¾d¶ " ze=W|" @d{Ô p{¨|Z ze¦ËZ¡ D=Z¨=b¢. ¹±vb{m}j}b{¨ d{Q{m{=o¾ Dd{Ô"ze=W|Q{¨ËZ" @=Z· Jb{¨ N¼=\{nd¶ @Ñm{= zt¨Öm¢Ðu½=b¢.

ze=T{_{=Û_{= @d{Q}d¶ ø¨Û_{o|k{=, ø¨Û_{k¶b{= Q{¨Ðm{¨N¼Ðu}l¨. N¼=T²= T{b{¨p{¦N{¨d{Ô zRZ|ðN¢ @l¨_¶ zt=c¢-øÛQ{zv= ÊW|zeN{= p{Ðzt¨=b¢. ø¨Q¢öd{ m²=\¢=Z¡ µeÞm{¨ T²ze¦ÕN¾=\¢ T{ªÒb}=!

d{ p{¨ ú p} l{¨ @d{Ô @l¨b{¨ @x{m}o¶ ze=T}x{m¢ p{¨=Û_{=! ¹p²Ïzrp{¦\{¨ N}p{\}ðN¢ ze=T{ zt=u}Ám}n¨ T¶l{¨|ö. _{Ðze T{ÛN}=N{d{=, d¼ztZ EÓm{ß ze¦=Û\{=, µem{¨ p{¨|m{¨Õ, p{¨=Û_{Vze=, l{¨Vd{= [@=Z· b¶p{ze«V]. úp{¦\¢N¢ ze=T}d{d{¨\{¨ - Jb{¨ p{¨¨Op{¨¨n¨ N{np}\{¨ - @d{Ô µem{¨ D=b{ð H=_{p{¨=b¢N¢ _²n¨zt¨? Hö±g=Z| Q{¨zvno¾ Dd{Ô úp{¦\{¨ ze=T}d{d{¨\¶ N}ð p{¨d{N{¨ d}n¨Q{¨ p{¨¨P|o¶ N{ð~eÐu}l¨. @l¨b{p{b¢ o¾N¾Ð_{m{= [o¶b} "ÛZ|d+±t=\²=Zo+"]. ùZ¡ µeÞm{¨ - @±R¨|m{=, Cq}d{=, _{_{¨Õm{¨zr=, p}p{¨b¶p{=, ztb¾ÚW|_{=.

_{=Û_{øb{ÚN¢ ze=T{ p{¨N}m}n¨ - p{¨b{Ú=, p{¨_{âÚ=, p{¨|=zt=, p{¨¨Ûb{, ¹p²¨a{¨d{= - p{¨¨OÚ= @=Z|m{¨.

ze=T{j}^¨\{¨ p{¨d{Ùa{¨\{¨. Cl{¨d{N¢ @l¨b{¨ m{N}n ze¦p{¦ßn j}^}n¨ Dd}Ôl¨ - @m{ø=b{p{¨¨ [_}p{¨m{], @q¾N{p{¨¨, T{ª_{p{¨¨ [p{¨|ø¨\¢], d{p{p{¨ÞöN{, ño¾_{Õn= [d{ÞnN{n¨p{].

"ze=T{" ~v=b¥o¾N¢ p²ýä f}=T+ @l¨=b¢. B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾N¢ p²ýä "ze=T+" @l¨=b¢. @l¨b{¨ m{N}n ze=Þ\{ m{u}n¨ N{nzeQ} p{çÆd{ b}ðð B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾ "ze=T+" @=Z|m{¨. m¥Xn=, èd}j+, m}ø, ól{¨|*t, ztÞZ³W+ @d¶ @l¨b{¨ d{b{¨n¨ Ûzep{~v=T¶ b¶q}ðÔ ze=W|j+ @d}Ôm{¨. ztd}_{d{¨n b{¬Ë~ro¾ ze=T{Q{=Q{nª N}p¶m¢, N{¬Ïzr, Q¾b}p{m¢, _{¨=Q{k{Ûb{, k{Q¥m{a¢. C Jb{¨ d{b{¨o¶ ze=T{Q{=Q{n¨ H=b{¨N{¨ @l{¨|l²©, B=b{¨o¾ d}n¨Q{¨ b{x¢^}b¢ d{b{¨np{\{=o¾ Dd{Ô ztªx{Ù= Iø¨Z¾ d}N{¨ j¾c{ze\{\{= o¶b{¨.

ze=T}p{¨¬_}n¨ p¶zt¨N{¨=b¢N¢ ùn¨Q} Jb{¨ Q{b{¨n¨ Dd{Ô f}Û_{ð ze=T{f}Û_{ @d¶p}m{¨, p²¨¨b{ÞZ¾. BZ¤p{ö N}n=o¾ ze=T{f}Û_{ @=Z· ze«W|ztp{¨l{¨=o¾ DÓb{m¢^¡_¾ p}\¶ I¹b²d} KN{ çd{Ô f}Û_{. zt=_{m{Õ^no¾d{©, ±v§Z·w{äo¾d{© zeT{Æw{§ä, Em{Q}l{¨nª p{Í\¢=T{\}ðN¢ Jb{¨ f}Û_{n¨ N{ö~t Dd{Ô f}Û_} øq¶s}ðÔ C m¾íÞo¾ "Q{¨Ðî" @=Z¨d}Ôm{¨.

îa¢ ["\¶Z+"], p}m{= ["\¶ A*g b{ ùN+"], d{x{Û_{= [ðW|ðN¢ T{=Ûb{¨\{¨ Dd{Ô d{x{Û_{ ztp{¨¨b}l{¨=], l²©Q{= [ÛQ{ün N{nl¨N{], N{m{^= [W|_{N{=] Dd{Ô ze¦ÐztN}ðÔ ze=T}=Q{= @=Z|=.

@ze¦Õ BçÆd{ p}\{¨, ze¦T{¨ÆN{¨d{Ô p}\{¨, b{Ðu}p¶í m}~td{ p}\{¨, BÒb{m{¨ u}x{¨n¨ zt=_{N{= ±eËZ¡d{ N}Q¢_{= ze=T}m{ª]¢zeÛ_{= @p{¦_{¨=b¢.

ze=T{k{x{Úp{¨¨n¨ @=Z· k{x{Ú=, k¾VÚ=, o¶zvÚ=, T¾zrÚ=, f}ñl{¨=. k{x{Ú= @d}Ô k¾VÚ= @d}Ô "îd{b{Q¢d{b¢" ["H\¢i¨o+"] @d¶ ðzR=Z¨N}m{¨\{¨ T²µeÕ\{¨. p{¨m¢ C m²=\¢=Z¡ p{¨c{Ú _¶\} Iø¨Z¾? o¶zvÚ= @=Z· p{¨¨Òb{o| Dd{Ôb¢, T¾zrÚ= @=Z· £enÆb{ÃQ{b¢ o¶b} íÛm{¨N¾\}ðN¢ ù¹o²d{b¢. f}ñl{¨= @=Z· _}Q¶b¢.

k{ªø¨, ñm{¨, @Q¢Ô, Q}ö - C d}n¨Q¢=Z¡ñ @d}b¢ N}nze¦ ÛQ¥N{¨n¨ p{¨¨OÚ¹p²¨d{ p{¨©nN}n¨ o¶b} "Hztd+~rl{¨o+ Höp²¨=Z+â" @d¶p}m{¨. C k{ªo¾N{=o¾ Dd{Ôø @ñÔ C d}n¨Q¢=Z¡ _¾Z· _{l{¨|m{l{¨|l{¨ñ ztßÃm{o¾N{=o¾p{ðÔ p{¨m¼N{ @l¨b{p{ zeb}Ñm{=_¾ T¶l{¨iÍ\}l{¨ñ d{p¶¨Ùp}m{¨. C "@l¨b{p{ zeb}Ñm{=" ÛQ¥N{¨ k}zro¾ "N¢ß=Z¡±td+â" @l¨=b¢. "H±td+â" @=Z·d¶ p{¨¨OÚ= @ð @Ñm{=. H=_¾ p{¨¨OÚ¹p²¨d{ øzrl{¨= @ð B=N} d¼N¢Á p{N}Á^¡=T{p{n~t p{çÆd{ze¦Õ\{¨ B=ÞQ¥zr¨o¾ "N¢ß=Z¡±td+â" @d{Ô p{¨|Z p}\{_}m{¨.

C Jb¢=Z¡ð p{¨d{p}w{§ä ze=T{k{ª_{p{¨¨n¨ @d}Ôm{¨. N}ð p{¨d{p}w{§ä C Jb{p{ c}_{¨p{¦ð AN}q{= @d{p{¨d}Ôm{¨.

ze=T{Q{p{Úp{¨¨n¨ @=Z· Ap{¦ p{Þn p{¨d{N{¨ nô=T¶ @l¨b{¨ p{¨¨OÚ¹p²¨d{ zeb}Ñm}n¨. @ø f}n¨, ±em{¨Q{¨, p²d{Ô, Q¾ze=ç_{=, Q¾p{¨l{¨=. p{¨m¥ DT{Æ, µe\{ @=Z· d}Z¨Q} D=Z¨=b¶p²©d{ð "Q¾ze=ç_{=", "Q¾p{¨l{¨=" @d}Ôd{¨, @=_¶.

Dzed{l{¨d{= T¶~td{ze¦Õ\{¨ ze=T{úOn¨ H=b{¨N{¨ T¶Ðu}m¾, b}ðo¾ð @=_{m}Ñm{= Iø¨Z¾ Hp{¹m²d} ø\{p{¨m¢Æ T²ò_¶ j}Q{¨=\{¨d{¨.

ze=T{f}=\{p{¦n Q{¨m¢=ç d}N{¨ Hp{ßm{ª ø\{p{¨m¢Æ T²zeÕN{Ám{o¶b{¨. p}w{§ä p{¨=T{ze¦N¾w{äo| p{¨¨ÃQ{¨m{¨ @ð d}N{¨ çd{ÔzeÕZ¡ d{¨=\¥ _²n¨zt¨.

ze=T{p{¨p¶b{= @=Z· ze=T{p{¨¨\{¨ T{b{p{\}ðN¢ @d{¨N{ªn¹p²¨d{ p¶b{= @ð N}b{¨, Jb¾ p¶b{= @ð p{¨|Û_{p¶¨ @Ñm{= T²ze¦ÕN¾p}ö. ze=T{p{¨p¶b{= Ib{l{¨|Ú @=Z· p{¨ük}m{_{= @ð N¼=b{m{¨, Al{¨¨m¶ßb{= @ð p{¨m¢N¼=b{m{¨ @=Z© D=\{Q} ød}Ôd{¨. Al{¨¨m¶ßb{=o¾ ze=T{N{m{Ùn¨ Dd}Ôl¨. ùZ¡ð p{p{¨d{= [p}=î T¶zt¨N¾p{\{=], m¶T{d{= [E~em¢ ø\{p{\{p{¨|? øm¶T{d{= @p{\{p{¨|?], @d{¨p}ztd{, ðm{ªzv, d{q{Ú= [p{¨¨N{¨Á_¾ HQ{ónÆ\{=] @=Z|m{¨.

ze=T{ÊW|d¶=Ûb¢l{¨p{¨¨n¨ Iø¨Z¾ p{¨d{N¢ _²n¨zt¨. p{¨¨N{¨Á p{¨d{ ÛzR|^·=Ûb¢l{¨=, d}n¨N{ m{ztd¶=Ûb¢l{¨=, N{d{¨Ô T{x{¨m¢=Ûb¢l{¨=, T²ø Ûq¾Û_¶=Ûb¢l{¨=, T{m{Ù= _{ßQ¢=Ûb¢l{¨=. _{ßN+ @=Z· T{m{Ù=.

Q{^¡_{=o¾ 5 N¢ Ûze_¶ÚN{ Ñu}d{= Dd{ÔËZ¨ N{ð~e=T{b{¨. m¶P|Q{^¡_{=o¾ ±e=ZQ{d+ð ze=T{N¾^¡ o¶b} ze=T{k{¨ë @=Z|m{¨. @p²¨m¢N} Ûzek{¨_{ßze¦ b¶q{m{x{^ øk}Q{= ze=T{k{¨ë AN}m{=o¾ Dd{Ô KN{ ±eÒb{ k{p{d{=o¾ D=b¢. @=b{¨N{ð A k{p{d}ðÔ "±e=ZQ{d+" @=Z|m{¨. Bb¢ k{p{d{= µem{¨ N{d{¨N{ b¥ðÔ p{¨d{= _²n¨Q{¨o¾N¢ @d{¨p{b¢=ç ze=T{k{¨ë @d{N{Ám{ o¶b{¨. @o|=Zze¦Õ\{¨ p{¨d{ "o|o+ P¡Þo|"ð B=ÞQ¥zr¨p}\{¨ "m²\+h½Ëm+" @=Z©=Z· p{¨d{= H=b{¨N{¨ Em{¨N{¨d}Ô=? p{¨=ç Ûzeq¶Ô!

ze=T{_{=Û_{=o¾ ø¨Q¢öd{ m²=\¢=Z¡ µeÞm{¨ - nÓid}q{=, @zt=Ûµex{ÚN}m¢_{ß= @ð BzeÕZ¡N¶d} _²n¨zt¨N¼=\¢.

B=N¼ðÔ "ze=T{" zeb}n¨ -

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